BIOL - 1120 SURVEY OF BIOLOGY
[3 hours] A survey of major biological principles and phenomena in various plants and animals with
emphasis on man. (not for major credit) Prerequisite: ENGL 1100 or 1110; MATH 1180 or higher
BIOL - 1130 HUMAN ECOLOGY
[3 hours] The application of key ideas in modern ecology to ecosystems dominated by humans including how
culture influences such problems as overpopulation, food supply, resource depletion, pollution, and endangered species. (not for major credit)
Prerequisite: ENGL 1100 or 1110; MATH 1180 or higher
BIOL - 1140 BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF HUMAN CONSCIOUSNESS
[3 hours] Lectures integrating developmental, genetic, neurophysiological,
psychological, sociological and philosophical aspects of human consciousness in terms a lay person can understand. (not for major credit)
Prerequisite: ENGL 1100 or 1110; MATH 1180 or higher
BIOL - 1150 HUMAN INHERITANCE: CONCEPTS AND APPLICATIONS
[3 hours] Basic principles of human inheritance. Includes a comprehensive
treatment of modern genetic technologies and their social, ethical, political, and economic implications. (not for major credit)
Prerequisite: ENGL 1100 or 1110; MATH 1180 or higher
BIOL - 1160 PLANTS AND SOCIETY
[3 hours] This course centers on the importance of plants to our planet. Includes an introduction to
botany and discussion of plants that provide food, materials, spices, medicines, drugs and poisons. (not for major credit) Prerequisite:
ENGL 1100 or 1110; MATH 1180
BIOL - 2010 MAJOR CONCEPTS IN BIOLOGY
[3 hours] This course will discuss and analyze classical experiments which underlie major
concepts in biology, such as evolution, the gene, the cell, homeostasis, and epigenesis. (not for major credit) Prerequisite: ENGL 1100 or
1110; MATH 1180 or higher
BIOL - 2020 MAMMALIAN FORM AND FUNCTION
[4 hours] Structure and operation of organ systems. Lecture and laboratory emphasizing how
shapes and properties within tissues and organs enable the whole organism to maintain a living balance. (not for major credit)
Prerequisite: ENGL 1100 or 1110; MATH 1180 or higher
BIOL - 2150 FUNDAMENTALS OF LIFE SCIENCE I: DIVERSITY OF LIFE, EVOLUTION, AND ECOLOGY
[4 hours] An introduction to the diversity of
life on earth and its evolution, systematics, ecology, and behavior. Prerequisite: Composite ACT of 22 or Combined SAT of 1000 or ENGL 1100 or
1110
BIOL - 2160 FUNDAMENTALS OF LIFE SCIENCE LABORATORY I
[1 hour] A series of laboratory exercises which supplement the material discussed
in BIOL 2150. Corequisite: BIOL 2150
BIOL - 2170 FUNDAMENTALS OF LIFE SCIENCE II: CELLS AND INHERITANCE AND DEVELOPMENT
[4 hours] A general introduction to cell structure
and function, energy processing in plants and animals, basic genetics, molecular biology, and development. Prerequisite: CHEM 1210 or 1230
BIOL - 2180 FUNDAMENTALS OF LIFE SCIENCE LABORATORY II
[1 hour] A series of laboratory exercises which supplement the material
discussed in BIOL 2170. Corequisite: BIOL 2170
BIOL - 2910 BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
[1 hour] A discussion/demonstration of opportunities for undergraduate research in Biology at the
University of Toledo and elsewhere. Prerequisite: GPA of 2.5
BIOL - 2980 TOPICS IN THE LIFE SCIENCES
[3 - 4 hours] Selected topics in Biology for the non-major. Prerequisite: ENGL 1100 or 1110;
MATH 1180 or higher
BIOL - 3010 MOLECULAR GENETICS
[3 hours] The principles of heredity at the molecular level, covering gene and chromosome structure,
replication and repair, recombination, control of gene expression, control of cell division. Prerequisite: BIOL 2170; CHEM 1220 or 1240
BIOL - 3020 MOLECULAR GENETICS LABORATORY
[2 hours] A laboratory course in experimental molecular biology involving gene cloning,
analysis of cloned product and other techniques of modern molecular genetics. Corequisite: BIOL 3010
BIOL - 3030 CELL BIOLOGY
[3 hours] A study of the internal organization of the eukaryotic cell, organelle and membrane function,
cell-cell signaling, cell movement, cell adhesion, the extracellular matrix. Prerequisite: BIOL 3010
BIOL - 3040 CELL BIOLOGY LABORATORY
[2 hours] Laboratory exercises involving cell culturing, protein analysis, protein localization,
and other techniques of modern cell biology. Corequisite: BIOL 3030
BIOL - 3050 ECOLOGY
[3 hours] The structure, function, and regulation of populations, communities, and ecosystems, emphasizing the
activities of man and their ecological consequences. Prerequisite: BIOL 2150; CHEM 1210 or 1230
BIOL - 3060 ECOLOGY LABORATORY
[1 hour] Laboratory and field exercises demonstrating ecological principles. Corequisite: BIOL 3050
BIOL - 3070 HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
[4 hours] Detailed structural and functional analysis of the human endocrine, nervous, reproductive,
circulatory, respiratory, digestive and excretory systems. An emphasis will be placed on system-system interactions and homeostatic mechanisms.
Prerequisite: BIOL 2150; BIOL 2170; CHEM 1220 or 1240
BIOL - 3210 HUMAN NUTRITION
[3 hours] Lectures covering nutrition and transport in humans, role of nutrition in growth and development,
nutritional diseases. Prerequisite: BIOL 2170
BIOL - 3410 PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
[3 hours] Lectures on the basic concepts of plant physiology. Included will be a review of plant
organization, transport systems, and biochemistry. Prerequisite: BIOL 2150, 2170
BIOL - 3420 DOMESTICATED PLANTS
[3 hours] A discussion of plants which are important to humans from household, garden, landscape,
agronomic and other perspectives. Laboratory exercises will concern culture techniques. Prerequisite: BIOL 2150, 2160, 2170, 2180
BIOL - 3510 COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY
[4 hours] A comparative treatment of the evolutionary and developmental history of the major
vertebrate organ systems. Prerequisite: BIOL 2150, 2160, 2170, 2180
BIOL - 4010 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
[3 hours] Analysis of the regulatory mechanisms for nucleic acid and protein synthesis; genome structure;
recombination; genetic damage and repair. Prerequisite: BIOL 3030
BIOL - 4030 MICROBIOLOGY
[3 hours] Lectures on the principles of modern microbiology and virology, including metabolism, growth,
cellular morphology, genetics, and host parasite relationships. Bacterial and viral diseases will be illustrated. Prerequisite: BIOL 3030; CHEM
2420 Corequisite: BIOL 4040
BIOL - 4040 MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY
[1 hour] Laboratories utilizing basic microbiological techniques and illustrating principles of
growth, identification, and genetics of microbes. Corequisite: BIOL 4030
BIOL - 4050 IMMUNOLOGY
[3 hours] Lectures on the chemical, genetic and cellular basis of the immune response. Prerequisite: BIOL 3030
BIOL - 4060 IMMUNOLOGY LABORATORY
[1 hour] Laboratory studies of the immune response. Corequisite: BIOL 4050
BIOL - 4070 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
[3 hours] Lectures on molecular and cellular interactions in animal and plant embryogenesis and
development. Prerequisite: BIOL 3030
BIOL - 4080 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY LABORATORY
[1 hour] An analysis of development by biochemical and biological methods using live
materials. Corequisite: BIOL 4070
BIOL - 4110 HUMAN GENETICS
[3 hours] A systematic survey of genetic variation in man with emphasis on modern research methodology.
Prerequisite: BIOL 3030
BIOL - 4130 CYTOGENETICS
[3 hours] Lectures pertaining to chromosome architecture and mechanisms controlling variation in chromosome
structures and changes in chromosome number. Prerequisite: BIOL 3030
BIOL - 4150 EVOLUTION
[3 hours] The modern theory of evolution presented within a framework of theoretical genetics and population
biology; phylogeny and evolution of the vertebrates. Prerequisite: BIOL 3010; CHEM 2420
BIOL - 4200 REGULATION OF INTERNAL MAMMALIAN ENVIRONMENT
[3 hours] Mechanisms regulating gas exchange, water balance, and electrolyte
concentrations in plasma and interstitial fluid in the mammalian body; normal function of cardiovascular, gas exchange, and renal systems
including neuroendocrine control. Prerequisite: BIOL 3070
BIOL - 4230 COMPARATIVE ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY
[3 hours] Lectures on the comparative and environmental physiology of vertebrates and
invertebrates including metabolism, temperature regulation, respiration, circulation, excretion and osmotic regulation. Prerequisite: BIOL 3030,
3070
BIOL - 4300 FIELD BOTANY
[3 hours] Introduction to the principles and methodology of plant taxonomy with particular attention to the
native plant species. Prerequisite: BIOL 3050
BIOL - 4310 INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY
[3 hours] Survey of the invertebrates from unicellular protista to protostomes and deuterostomes.
Emphasis on adaptations to aquatic, terrestrial, or parasitic habitats. Prerequisite: BIOL 2150, 2170
BIOL - 4320 INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY LABORATORY
[1 hour] Laboratory exercises and field trips involving observation, collection and
dissection of representative invertebrates. Corequisite: BIOL 4310
BIOL - 4330 PARASITOLOGY
[3 hours] A study of the host-parasite interaction including aspects of parasite morphology, taxonomy,
development and ecology. Prerequisite: BIOL 2150, 2170
BIOL - 4610 BIOSTATISTICS
[4 hours] The principles and practices of sampling and measurement in biology and testing of hypotheses.
Prerequisite: MATH 1760 or 1860; BIOL 3050
BIOL - 4630 AQUATIC ECOLOGY
[3 hours] The biology of populations, communities and ecosystems with emphasis on aquatic environments.
Includes the application of principles and theory from aquatic ecology to help understand and solve management problems in aquatic systems.
Prerequisite: BIOL 3050; MATH 1760 or 1860; CHEM 2420
BIOL - 4640 AQUATIC ECOLOGY LABORATORY
[1 hour] Laboratory exercises on the biology of aquatic populations, communities, and
ecosystems. Corequisite: BIOL 4630
BIOL - 4690 ECOLOGY FIELD TRIP
[2 - 4 hours] Field trip to a major ecosystem of a region other than northwestern Ohio. Includes
analysis of structural and functional relationships within and between ecosystems, with opportunities for individual student projects.
Prerequisite: BIOL 3050
BIOL - 4700 BIOLOGICAL LITERATURE AND COMMUNICATION
[3 hours] A writing intensive course that focuses on reading original literature in
biology in a variety of formats. Required of all biology majors. Prerequisite: BIOL 3030, 3050, 3070. Corequisite: Senior Standing
BIOL - 4910 UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH
[1 - 3 hours] Faculty directed research. Both oral and written reports of results required.
Prerequisite: Permission of instructor
BIOL - 4940 EXTRAMURAL STUDIES IN BIOLOGY
[4 hours] Prior consent of both the department and the proposed surpervisor.
Scientist-supervised study of research done in an extramural research institute or scientific laboratory. Written and oral reports to the
department required. Prerequisite: BIOL 2150, 2170; Consent of Chair
BIOL - 4990 INDEPENDENT STUDY IN BIOLOGY
[1 - 3 hours] Faculty directed readings or projects in a specific area of Biology.
Prerequisite: Consent of Instructor
BIOL - 5030/7030 ADVANCED MICROBIOLOGY
[3 hours] Lectures on the principles of modern microbiology and virology, including metabolism,
growth, cellular morphology, genetics and host parasite relationships. Bacterial and viral diseases will be illustrated. Prerequisite: BIOL 3030
or equivalent; CHEM 2420 Corequisite: BIOL 5040/7040
BIOL - 5040/7040 ADVANCED MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY
[1 hour] Laboratories utilizing basic microbiological techniques and illustrating
principles of growth, identification and genetics of microbes. Corequisite: BIOL 5030/7030
BIOL - 5050/7050 ADVANCED IMMUNOLOGY
[3 hours] The development, genetics and physiology of the immune response. Prerequisite: BIOL 3030
or equivalent
BIOL - 5060/7060 ADVANCED IMMUNOLOGY LABORATORY
[1 hour] Laboratory studies of the immune response. Corequisite: BIOL 5050/7050
BIOL - 5070/7070 ADVANCED DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
[3 hours] Lectures on molecular and cellular interactions in animal and plant
embryogenesis and development. Prerequisite: BIOL 3030 or equivalent
BIOL - 5080/7080 ADVANCED DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY LABORATORY
[1 hour] An analysis of development by biochemical and biological methods
using live materials. Corequisite: BIOL 5070/7070
BIOL - 5110/7110 ADVANCED HUMAN GENETICS
[3 hours] A systematic survey of genetic variation in man with emphasis on modern research
methodology. Prerequisite: BIOL 3030 or equivalent
BIOL - 5130/7130 ADVANCED CYTOGENETICS
[3 hours] Lectures pertaining to chromosome architecture and mechanisms controlling variation in
chromosome structures and changes in chromosome number. Prerequisite: BIOL 3030 or equivalent
BIOL - 5150/7150 ORGANIC EVOLUTION
[3 hours] The modern theory of evolution presented within a framework of theoretical genetics and
population genetics and population biology; phylogeny and evolution of the vertebrates. Prerequisite: BIOL 3010 or equivalent; CHEM 2420
BIOL - 5230/7230 ADVANCED COMPARATIVE ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY
[3 hours] Lectures on the comparative and environmental physiology of
vertebrates and invertebrates including metabolism, temperature regulation, respiration, circulation excretion, and osmotic regulation
Prerequisite: BIOL 3030, 3070 or equivalents
BIOL - 5300/7300 ADVANCED FIELD BOTANY
[3 hours] Principles and methods of plant taxonomy stressing native species; preparation of
botanical specimens for preservation. Prerequisite: BIOL 3050 or equivalent
BIOL - 5310/7310 SURVEY OF THE INVERTEBRATES
[3 hours] Survey of invertebrates from unicellular protista and protostomes and
deuterostomes. Emphasis on adaptations to aquatic, terrestrial or parasitic habitats. Prerequisite: BIOL 2150 or equivalent; BIOL 2170 or
equivalent
BIOL - 5320/7320 INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY LABORATORY
[1 hour] Laboratory exercises and field trips involving observation, collection and
dissection of representative invertebrates. Corequisite: BIOL 5310/7310
BIOL - 5330/7330 ADVANCED PARASITOLOGY
[3 hours] A study of the host-parasite interaction including aspects of parasite morphology,
taxonomy, development and ecology. Prerequisite: BIOL 2150 or equivalent; BIOL 2170 or equivalent
BIOL - 5610/7610 ADVANCED BIOSTATISTICS
[4 hours] The principles and practices of sampling and measurement in biology and testing of
hypotheses. Prerequisite: MATH 1760 or 1860; BIOL 3050 or equivalent.
BIOL - 5630/7630 ADVANCED AQUATIC ECOLOGY
[3 hours] Advanced cross-disciplinary concepts in the ecology of aquatic environments
emphasizing the biology of populations, communities, and ecosystems. Includes a project on the application of principles and theory to help
understand and solve a management problem in aquatic systems. Prerequisite: BIOL 3050; MATH 1760 or 1860; CHEM 2420 or Consent of Instructor.
BIOL - 5640/7640 ADVANCED AQUATIC ECOLOGY LABORATORY
[1 hour] Laboratory exercises on the biology of aquatic populations, communities,
and ecosystems. Corequisite: BIOL 5630/7630
BIOL - 5690/7690 ECOLOGY FIELD TRIP
[2 - 4 hours] Field trip to a major ecosystems of a region other than northwestern Ohio. Includes
analysis of structural and functional relationships within and between ecosystem, with opportunities for individual student projects.
Prerequisite: BIOL 3050 or equivalent
BIOL - 6000/8000 INTRODUCTION TO SCIENTIFIC THOUGHT AND EXPRESSION
[3 hours] A writing intensive course for new graduate students that
focuses on scientific hypothesis testing and reading the original literature in biology.
BIOL - 6010/8010 ADVANCED MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
[4 hours] Analysis of recent developments in prokaryotic and eukaryotic molecular biology
through evaluation and discussion of current literature.
BIOL - 6020/8020 ADVANCED MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LABORATORY
[3 hours] Library screening and sequencing of selected clones.
BIOL - 6090/8090 ADVANCED CELL BIOLOGY
[4 hours] An advanced course that stresses the experimental basis for current concepts of cell
structure and function.
BIOL - 6100/8100 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
[3 hours] An in-depth discussion of techniques used in the study of
cell and molecular biology. Examples include chromatography, all fractionation, electrophoresis cell and molecular cloning. Prerequisite: BIOL
3030; CHEM 6500
BIOL - 6510/8510 PROTEIN CHEMISTRY
[4 hours] See CHEM 6510/8510
BIOL - 6520/8520 ENZYMOLOGY
[4 hours] See CHEM 6520/8520
BIOL - 6530/8530 NUCLEIC ACID CHEMISTRY
[4 hours] See CHEM 6530/8530
BIOL - 6600/8600 FOUNDATIONS OF ECOLOGY
[4 hours] An overview of the development of ecological concepts for beginning graduate
students. Readings and discussion focus on classic papers and historical essays.
BIOL - 6610/8610 CURRENT TOPICS IN ECOLOGY
[4 hours] Discussions dealing with current problems in the biology of populations,
communities and ecosystems.
BIOL - 6920/8920 SPECIAL PROJECTS IN BIOLOGY
[2 - 4 hours] Introduction to research on a selected problem under the direction of an
individual faculty member.
BIOL - 6930/8930 SEMINAR IN BIOLOGY
[1 hour] Presentation on research or current literature by graduate students, faculty, or guest
speakers.
BIOL - 6940/8940 EXTRAMURAL STUDIES IN BIOLOGY
[2 - 4 hours] Prior consent of both the department and the proposed supervisor.
Scientist-supervised study of research done in an extramural research institute or scientific laboratory. Written and oral reports to the
department required. Prerequisite: Consent of Instructor
BIOL - 6960 MASTERS THESIS RESEARCH
[1 - 15 hours] Research which normally contributes to the fulfillment of the M.S. thesis
requirement.
BIOL - 6980/8980 ADVANCED TOPICS IN BIOLOGY
[2 - 4 hours] Seminar/discussion of significant current topics or problems in biology.
BIOL - 6990/8990 ADVANCED READINGS IN BIOLOGY
[2 - 4 hours] Faculty directed readings or projects in a specific area of Biology.
Prerequisite: Consent of Instructor
BIOL - 8960 DOCTORAL DISSERTATION RESEARCH
[1 - 15 hours] Research normally leading to the fulfillment of the Ph.D. dissertation
requirement.