E-CORE

ongoing research projects

-Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury Mechanisms

ACL Injury Mechanisms
Summary: ACL is one of the most common sites of the injury in the knee joint. Over 100,000 ACL injuries occur annually in the United States, mainly affecting the young athletic population. Non-contact injuries are reported to be the predominant mechanism of ACL injury (occur in more than 70% of the ACL injuries). These injuries involve ground reaction forces, muscle forces and segmental inertia without the presence of any external load applied to the body, especially during landing activities. Due to Long term disabilities associated with ACL injury (i.e. joint instability, pain and early development of osteoarthritis), potential loss of sports participation and high costs associated with the surgical reconstruction, prevention is an appealing option to avoid the complications associated with ACL injury. While many advances have been made in terms of surgical and rehabilitation treatments for ACL injured patients, long term outcome studies have shown that these patients are at a high risk for developing knee osteoarthritis 10-15 years after ACL injury regardless of treatment. Currently, the mechanism of non-contact ACL injury is not well understood. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying non-contact ACL injuries, associated modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, and interaction between these risk factors, might be used to improve current prevention strategies and decrease the risk of early-onset osteoarthritis. This project utilizes a unique blend of established in vitro, in silico and in vivo methods in order to gain an in depth understanding of knee joint biomechanics during dynamic landing (as an identified high-risk task) with a specific focus on ACL injury.
Principle Investigators: Vijay Goel, Ph.D
Research Fellow: Ali Kiapour, Ph.D.
Assistant Research Professor:  Deniz Erbulut, Ph.D

Research Assistants: Sara Sadeqi, M.S & Rodney Summers, M.S.
Collaborator: Timothy E. Hewett, Ph.D, (Mayo Clinic)
Funded by: National Institutes of Health (NIH)-NIAMS

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knee fusion


-Juvenile Idiopathic Scoliosis
Summary: Progression of scoliosis in children poses a substantial challenge for spinal surgeons. These young patients are undergoing active growth; hence early fusion of any kind would stunt their growth and have untoward affect on their quality of life. However, if left untreated, a major curve progression is imminent with chances of respiratory insufficiency. This led to an advent of growth friendly surgical management of early scoliosis. These growth friendly surgical treatment aim to avoid, delay or limit spinal fusion. They are classified as distraction-based (i.e., growth rods, vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib, guided growth and compression-based techniques. Distraction-based growth rods are most commonly used growth friendly surgical instrumentation. Despite many advantages of this system, there have been many instances of failure, both mechanical and biological, have been reported in the literature. The implant here is under longer duration of higher stress than fusion-based implants which increases their propensity towards mechanical failure. The most common biological failures are spontaneous fusion and the whole cascade of degenerative changes in the instrumented and neighboring regions of the spine. The above failure may lead to failure of growth or abnormal growth. We are studying the biomechanical differences of using these instrumentation taking growth modulation and bone remodeling into account.
Principle Investigators: Vijay K. Goel, Ph.D.; Anand Agarwal, M.D.
Research Assistant: Aakash Agarwal, Ph.D., Ardalan Seyed Vosoughi, B.S.
Undergraduate:  Jacob Forstat

Collaborator: Arvind Jayaswal, M.D., (Department of Orthopaedics,
All India Medical Institute of Sciences)
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NSF-I/UCRC CDMI PROJECTS

Development of an innovative posterior pedicle-based screw device for multilevel semi-dynamic stabilization. PI & Presenter: Dr. Deniz U. Erbulut

Development of Hard Antibacterial (TiN/Ag) Coatings on Orthopedic Instruments Fabricated from Ti-alloys. PI: Dr. Sarit B. Bhaduri, Ph. D.
Presenters: A. Jayatissa & Lufei Lu

Biomechanical Evaluation of the Newly Developed Decompression Surgery: Transforaminal Ventral Facetectomy. PI: Vjay Goel, Koichi Sairyo, MD
Presenter:  Koji Matsumoto, MD

Transporter Table System. PI: Anand Agarwal, MD
Presenter:  David Dick

Biomechanical Evaluation of the Newly Developed Decompression Surgery: Transforaminal Ventral Facetectomy. Effect of Talotarsal Joint Instability on Lower Extremity Alignment and the Role of Extra-osseous Talotarsal Joint Stabilization.
PI: Michael E. Graham; Vijay Goel
Presenter:  Koji Matsumoto, MD

Tapered reduction of cement volume in the proximal vertebrae adjacent to the fused segment may translate into a decreased rate of Proximal Junctional Kyphosis (PJK) using Calcium phosphate cement - A biomechanical investigation. PI: Anand Agarwal MD Presenter:  Anoli Shah

Orthopaedic Biomechanics (Joint Mechanics and Injury Mechanics)
Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering
Bone Biology 
Clinical Evaluation (retrospective and prospective clinical studies)
Assistive Technologies
Ongoing Projects
Sponsors
Publications
Awards

 

 

Last Updated: 7/15/24