The University of Toledo

EEES – 1010 PHYSICAL GEOLOGY [3 hours]
Introduction to classification and origins of rocks and minerals, surficial processes and landscape development, groundwater and other natural resources, geologic structures, earthquakes and the earth's interior, plate tectonics, and geologic time. No credit if EEES 2100 is taken. [Fall, Spring, Summer] General Education Natural Sciences core course.

EEES – 1020 INTRODUCTORY GEOLOGY LABORATORY [1 hour]
Identification of rocks and minerals. Study of the Earth's surface features through the use of topographic and geologic maps, and aerial photographs. [Fall, Spring, Summer] General Education Natural Sciences core course.

EEES – 1050 GEOLOGICAL HAZARDS AND THE ENVIRONMENT [3 hours]
Introduction to hazardous geological processes and materials : volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, floods, ground subsidence and collapse, landslides, coastal flooding and erosion and others. Causes and risk mitigation are discussed. [Fall, Spring, Summer]. General Education Natural Sciences core course. (Spring and Summer are offered in a Distance Learning format.)

EEES – 1130 DOWN TO EARTH ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE [3 hours]
Evaluation of environmental controversies using ecology, economics and human values. Issues range from global change, overpopulation, food production, pollution, disease, and endangered species to unique habitats including rainforests and coral reefs. (Not for credit in the major.) [Fall, Spring] General Education Natural Sciences core course.

EEES – 1140 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS LAB [1 hour]
Basic scientific methods are used to conduct laboratory and field studies of contemporary environmental problems. [Fall, Spring] General Education Natural Sciences core course.

EEES – 1150 MARINE BIOLOGY [3 hours]
An exploration of life in the world's oceans, emphasizing how marine organisms thrive in broadly diverse environments. Topics include the major ocean habitats and ecological relationships among associated flora/fauna. [Spring] Natural Sciences core course. (Offered in a Distance Learning format.)

EEES – 1160 PLANTS AND SOCIETY [3 hours] 
This course centers on the importance of plants to our planet. Includes an introduction to botany and discussion of plants that provide food, materials, spices, medicines, drugs and poisons. (Not for credit in the major.) [Spring] Natural Sciences core course.

EEES – 1170 MICROBES AND SOCIETY [3 hours]
The goal of this course is to introduce students to the fascinating and important roles of microbes in everyday life, including disease and public health, environmental science, agriculture, and bioterrorism. [Fall] General Education Natural Sciences core course.

EEES – 2010 INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES [3 hours] 
Introduction to issues currently affecting environmental quality. Fundamental scientific concepts relating to those issues, and ethical, economic, legal and political considerations that affect the resolution of environmental problems. Intended for freshmen and sophomores. [Fall]

EEES – 2100 FUNDAMENTALS OF GEOLOGY [4 hours]
Consideration of earth materials and the dynamic external and internal processes active on earth; the physical and biological history of the earth. Required overnight field trip [Fall, Spring] Prerequisite: CHEM 1090 or 1230.

EEES – 2150 BIODIVERSITY  [4 hours]
Examination of the diversity of life on earth and its evolution, systematics and behavior; the structure of ecosystems, and concepts of population and community ecology. [Fall, Spring]

EEES – 2160 BIODIVERSITY LAB [1 hour]
Laboratory exercises designed to complement the material covered in EEES 2150. [Fall, Spring] Corequisite: EEES 2150.

EEES – 2200 CLIMATE CHANGE [3 hours]
An overview of the understanding of climate change and role of human activities, including atmospheric processes, greenhouse effect, carbon cycling, physical evidence, impacts, and proposed global actions in response. Cross-listed as GEPL 2200. [Spring] (Offered in a Distance Learning format)

EEES – 2230 EARTH HISTORY: HISTORICAL GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY [3 hours]
The morphology and paleoecology of fossil taxa, significant strata, and tectonic events important to the interpretation of paleoenvironments and Earth history are stressed. Field trip(s) required. [Spring] Prerequisite: EEES 2100 (Taught as a writing intensive course—WAC)

EEES – 2400 OCEANOGRAPHY & WATER RESOURCES [3 hours]
Physical, chemical, geological and biological nature of oceans and ocean basins. Ocean resources, circulation, climate and the hydrologic cycle. Fresh water resources and resource management. [Spring]

EEES – 2500 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES [1 hour]
Desktop computer uses by scientists: word processing, spreadsheets, data bases, e-mail and WWW, table digitizer, processing GPS and data logger files, contour and mapping software. [Fall, Spring] Prerequisite: EEES 1010 or 2100; knowledge of algebra, plane geometry and basic trigonometry.

EEES – 2510 ADVANCED COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES [2 hours]
Team taught. Collecting and analyzing spatial data, digital elevation models, mathematical modeling of natural processes and introduction to matrix operations in Excel. [Spring] Prerequisites EEES 2500. Note: being taught Spring 13 as EEES 4980 section 002.

EEES – 2900 SEMINAR [1 hour]
Individual presentation and discussion of topics in the environmental sciences appropriate for students interested in environmental sciences but with little or no formal background in the discipline. [Taught when demand warrants] Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.

EEES – 2980 SPECIAL TOPICS [1 - 4 hours] A lower division undergraduate course covering some aspect of environmental sciences not covered in the formal course offerings of the department. Students may repeat the course for different topics. [Taught when demand warrants] Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.

EEES – 2990 INDEPENDENT STUDY [1-4 hours]
Student selects an appropriate approved subject for individualized study and prepares a report or gives equivalent evidence of mastery of the selected subject. [Taught when demand warrants] Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.

EEES – 3000 GEOLOGY OF NATIONAL PARKS [3 hours]
Study of regional geology of the U.S., focusing on national parks and monuments with the aim of furthering the student's geological knowledge and encouraging visitation as a tourist. [Currently not scheduled] Prerequisite: EEES 1010 or 2100.

EEES – 3050  GENERAL ECOLOGY [3 hours] 
The structure, function, and regulation of populations, communities and ecosystems, emphasizing human activities and their ecological consequences. [Fall] Prerequisite: CHEM 1090 or higher; EEES 2150 or BIOL 2150.

EEES – 3060 GENERAL ECOLOGY LABORATORY [1 hour]
Laboratory and field exercises demonstrating ecological principles. [Fall] Corequisite: EEES 3050.

EEES – 3100 SURFICIAL PROCESSES [3 hours]
Description and study of the earth's surface features from the point of view of their origin including landforms created by volcanism, tectonics, and erosional/depositional processes. Field trip required. [Fall] Prerequisite: EEES 1010 or 2100.

EEES – 3210 EARTH MATERIALS I: MINERALOGY & PETROLOGY [3 hours]
Mineralogy: Rock-forming mineral characteristics, identification and geologic environments of formation. Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology: Igneous and metamorphic rock characteristics, origins, classification and interpretation of conditions of formation. [Offered every third semester, next is Spring14] Prerequisite: EEES 2100.

EEES – 3220 EARTH MATERIALS II: SEDIMENTARY PETROLOGY & STRATIGRAPHY [3 hours]
Megascopic description of sediments and sedimentary rocks, including their characteristics, classification and diagenesis; introduction to depositional processes and environments of sediments, and stratigraphic relationships of sedimentary rocks. (Taught as a writing intensive course—WAC). [Offered every third semester, next is Spring13] Prerequisite: EEES 2100.

EEES – 3250 ENGINEERING GEOLOGY [3 hours]
Application of geologic principles to engineering practices (dams, tunnels, drainage, foundations and water supply). Labs stress rock and mineral identification, quality control tests in engineering design and construction using rock. [Fall] Prerequisite: MATH 1750 or 1850.

EEES – 3310 FIELD METHODS: STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY & MAPPING [3 hours]
Rock deformation and its expression on maps; applying geometrical and trigonometric principles to solve problems involving dipping strata; stereonet applications, interpreting geological maps, constructing cross sections, geological GIS applications. [Offered every third semester, next is Fall 13] Prerequisite: EEES 2100.

EEES – 3800 BOTANY [4 hours]
General introduction to plants and plant biology; the basics of plant structure and function, evolution and plant diversity, plants as food and medicines and other non-food products, and the interaction of plants with the biotic and abiotic environment (including global environmental change); both lecture and lab components. [offered every other Spring, Odd Springs) Prerequisite: introductory biology (e.g., EEES 2150/BIOL 2170 or BIOL 2150/2170) or permission of the instructor.

EEES – 3900 LITERATURE AND COMMUNICATIONS IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES [3 hours]
Includes discussions of environmental issues featuring guest experts from a variety of environmental-related occupations, readings in environmental literature and student reports on projects and internships. [Spring] Prerequisite: Junior or senior standing. (Taught as a writing intensive course)

EEES – 4150 EVOLUTION [3 hours]
The modern theory of evolution presented within a framework of theoretical genetics and population biology; phylogeny and evolution of the vertebrates. [Spring] Prerequisite: EEES 2150 or BIOL 2150; CHEM 1230.

EEES – 4200 QUATERNARY GEOLOGY [3 hours]
To provide understanding of such cyclical events as climate change, sea level fluctuations, vegetation change and ice sheet paleogeography during the Quaternary Period and to explore future changes for planet Earth. [Even Springs] Prerequisite: EEES 3100 or consent of instructor.

EEES – 4220 ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY [3 hours]
Chemical reactions of environmental concern. Water and soil chemistry related to contaminant fate and mobility. Petroleum formation, migration and accumulation in the subsurface. Computer software used. [Currently not offered] Prerequisite: CHEM 1240.

EEES – 4240 SOIL SCIENCE [3 hours]
Basic principles of soil formation, physics, chemistry and biology with emphasis on their influence on fluid and chemical migration and preservation of soil quality from geological, agricultural and environmental perspectives. [Spring 13, then every Fall] Prerequisite: CHEM 1240.

EEES – 4250 SOIL ECOLOGY  [3 hours]
Underlying concepts and theory of modern soil ecology will be reviewed including spatial and temporal distributions, sampling methods, biogeochemical cycles and ecological functions of soil. [Spring] Prerequisite: EEES 3050 or EEES 4240.

EEES – 4260 SOIL ECOLOGY  [1 hour]
Ecological significance of soil biotic and abiotic properties that mediate plant productivity, community composition, and ecosystem function. Specific goals are to examine the (1) relationships among the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soils and their influence on soil fertility; (2) linkages between soil microorganisms and their environment; and (3) impacts of human activities on soil function. [Odd Spring alternate years]

EEES – 4410 HYDROGEOLOGY [3 hours]
Fundamentals of groundwater flow and geological controls including applications to water resource evaluation, utilization,, chemical characterization and contaminant transport. Basic groundwater course for environmental scientists, geologists and engineers. [Spring] Prerequisite: MATH 1750 or 1850, or 1830 or 1920.

EEES – 4450 HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT [3 hours]
Environmental regulations concerning hazardous waste, characteristics of hazardous waste and disposal technologies, toxicology, characteristics of organic chemicals and heavy metals, biodegradation, soil science, groundwater contamination, risk assessment, site investigation. [Fall] Prerequisite: CHEM 1230.

EEES – 4510 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY [3 hours]
The diversity of microbial life and activities, the functioning of microbial ecosystems in energy and carbon flow and remediation of polluted environments, and the detection and control of pathogens. [Taught when demand warrants] Prerequisite: EEES 2150 and CHEM 1230 or consent of instructor.

EEES – 4520 BIOREMEDIATION [3 hours]
The environmental fate and transport of contaminants; their transformation and biodegradation by plants and microorganisms; bioremediation strategies, including solid phase, slurry phase, and vapor-phase treatments, and natural attenuation. [Taught when demand warrants] Corequisite: EEES 2150 and CHEM 1230 or consent of instructor.

EEES – 4530 PHYTOREMEDIATION PRINCIPLES [3 hours]
Course describes the process of phytoremediation with references to both physiological modes of uptake and transformation of contaminants to field applications. [Taught when demand warrants] Prerequisite: EEES 2150 and CHEM 1230 or consent of instructor.

EEES – 4540 MICROBIAL ECOLOGY [3 hours]
Students will learn the underlying processes that drive microbial population structure and function in the environment and become familiar with classical and current methodology used in microbial community analysis. [Taught when demand warrants] Prerequisite: EEES 2150 or BIOL 2170.

EEES – 4550 METHODS OF MICROBIAL INVESTIGATION [3 hours]
Student will learn the classical and current methodologies (biochemical and molecular) used in microbial community analysis while developing an understanding of experimental design sample handling and data analysis. [taught when demand warrants] Prerequisite: EEES 4540.

EEES – 4610 GEOPHYSICS [3 hours]
Survey of theory, field applications, interpretation principles of solid earth and exploration geophysics. Two hours lecture, three hours methods laboratory. [Taught when demand warrants] Prerequisite: MATH 1760 or 1860; PHYS 2020 or 2120. (Taught as a writing intensive course-WAC)

EEES – 4620 ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICS [3 hours]
Electrical resistivity, electromagnetic conductivity, magnetometer and seismic refraction are used to characterize materials concealed under the earth's surface. [Taught when demand warrants] Prerequisite: GEOL 2500 or consent of instructor.

EEES – 4630 NUMERICAL METHODS IN GEOPHYSICS [3 hours]
Numerical filters and matrix operations used to process potential filed data and wave forms, isolating anomalies and signals of interest; derivative maps, upward and downward continuation; current interpretation software. Term project. [Taught when demand warrants] Prerequisite: EEES 4610.

EEES – 4640 APPLIED GEOLOGY [2 hours in Fall; 1 hour in Spring]
Weekly field experiments Friday mornings (10 weeks in fall; 5 weeks in spring) covering a variety of geology topics to simulate professional activity and strengthen concepts. Prerequisite: Junior standing required; permission of the Department. (Both Fall and Spring sections are required for the BS or BA in Geology)

EEES – 4730 AQUATIC ECOLOGY [3 hours]
The biology of population, communities and ecosystems with an emphasis on aquatic environments. Includes the application of principles and theory from aquatic ecology to help understand and solve management problems in aquatic systems. [Fall] Prerequisite: EEES 3050 or consent of instructor.

EEES – 4740 AQUATIC ECOLOGY LABORATORY [1 hour]
Laboratory exercises on the biology of aquatic populations, communities and ecosystems. [Fall] Corequisite: EEES 4730.

EEES – 4750 CONSERVATION BIOLOGY [3 hours]
The application of principles of ecology, biogeography, genetics, economics, philosophy, and other disciplines to the study and maintenance of biological diversity in temperate, subtropical, and tropical systems. [Spring, alternate years, even] Prerequisite: EEES 3050.

EEES – 4760 LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY [3 hours]
Emphasis will be placed on ecological patterns, processes and management applications at multiple spatial and temporal scales. [Spring, alternate years, even] Prerequisite: EEES 3050.

EEES – 4790 ECOLOGY FIELD TRIP [2-4 hours]
Field trip to a major ecosystem of a region other than northwestern Ohio. Includes analysis of structural and functional relationships within and between ecosystems with opportunities for individual student projects. [taught when demand warrants] Prerequisite: EEES 3050.

EEES – 4800 PLANT PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY [4 hours]
Study of how form (morphology, anatomy) and function (physiology, metabolism biophysics) affect plant ecology. Laboratory emphasizes experimentation and introduction to techniques. Lecture includes reading and written critiques of scientific literature. [Taught when demand warrants] Prerequisite: EEES 2150 or BIOL 2170; CHEM 1230, 1240.

EEES – 4900 SEMINAR: ADVANCED UNDERGRADUATE [1 hour]
Individual presentation and discussion of topics in the environmental sciences appropriate for juniors and seniors. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.

EEES – 4910 DIRECTED RESEARCH [1 - 5 hours]
Research under guidance of faculty member. An acceptable thesis is required for credit toward major. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.

EEES – 4920 SENIOR GEOLOGY SEMINAR [2 hours]
Survey of geology at a senior level using readings, class discussions and some lectures. The final exam will be one of the assessment vehicles of the department. [Spring] Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.

EEES – 4940 INTERNSHIP [1 - 4 hours]
Student gains up to 4 credits for relevant professional experience with an adviser-approved organization (Dr. Sigler). Student must enroll during the term service is performed. Prerequisite: Consent of undergraduate adviser.

EEES – 4980 SPECIAL TOPICS: ADVANCED UNDERGRADUATE [1 - 4 hours]
An advanced undergraduate course covering some aspect of the environmental sciences not covered in the formal upper-division undergraduate curriculum. Student may repeat the course for different topics. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.

EEES – 4990 INDEPENDENT STUDY: ADVANCED UNDERGRADUATE [1 - 4 hours]
Student selects an appropriate approved subject for individualized study and prepares a report or gives equivalent evidence of mastery of the selected subject. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.

EEES - 4900 SPECIAL TOPICS: GEOLOGY FIELD TRIP [1 - 2 hours] 

A 1–2 week long field trip to a region in the United States to examine the local Geology. Field work and camping, travel by department van. Course runs just before the start of fall courses. Students sign up for the course in the fall.