The University of Toledo

Entry Level Doctor of Pharmacy Degree

Degree Requirements

Following admission to the professional division, the entry-level Pharm.D. program students will complete a B.S.P.S. degree prior to admission to the graduate portion of the program. Students in the entry-level Pharm.D. track who have completed the B.S.P.S. at The University of Toledo with a 3.0 GPA are eligible for admission to the graduate portion of the Pharm.D. program provided that professional pharmacy standards and regulations are met.

A preadmission decision to the graduate portion of the Pharm.D. program will be made at the end of the P2 year while in the professional division. The final decision is contingent upon completion of the B.S.P.S. degree with a minimum GPA of 3.0. In order to graduate with the Doctor of Pharmacy degree, students must maintain a minimum of a 3.0 GPA with no grade lower than a C (2.0) in graduate courses as required for all graduate students.

Only students in the Pharm.D. track of the B.S.P.S. degree program will eventually qualify for state board licensure in the practice of pharmacy. To qualify, the student also must complete the graduate portion of the Pharm.D. curriculum. According to the American Council on Pharmaceutical Education, the national accrediting board for pharmacy in the United States (U.S.), all students graduating from any U.S. College of Pharmacy after June 2004, and who are seeking licensure, will be required to hold the Pharm.D. degree.

A total of 137 semester hours are required for graduation with the B.S.P.S. - Pharm.D. track degree. Eligible students then may matriculate into the graduate portion of the Pharm.D. degree (see above statement).

PharmD Curriculum

• PharmD Curriculum for students entering the P1 year before Fall 2009
• PharmD Curriculum for students entering the P1 year in Fall 2009
• PharmD Curriculum for students entering the P1 year in Fall 2010
• PharmD Curriculum for students entering the P1 year in or after Fall 2011
• PharmD Curriculum for students entering the P1 year in Fall 2012

PharmD Professional Competencies and Outcome Expectations
(Approved by College Faculty 8-19-2005)

1. 1. Assess patients, utilizing patient-specific data (e.g., physical exam, laboratory tests, history, procedures), in order to provide pharmaceutical care.
   2. Evaluate and prioritize patient problems and triage patients to other health professionals, as appropriate.
   3. Design, implement, monitor, evaluate, and adjust a patient-specific, evidence-based pharmaceutical care plan or recommend modifications of an ongoing pharmaceutical care plan.
   4. Identify, assess, and solve medication-related problems and/or issues.
   5. Report and manage medication errors and adverse drug reactions.
   6. Recommend and monitor non-pharmacological, nutritional, alternative, and non-prescription therapies for patient-centered and population-based pharmaceutical care in an evidence-based manner.
   7. Retrieve, interpret, evaluate, and apply scientific, lay, and professional information to specific patient care, population-based health care, and health policies.
   8. Effectively communicate and collaborate with prescribers, allied health professionals, care-givers, policy makers, members of the community, administrative personnel, supportive personnel, and other involved providers of health care.
   9. Safely and accurately evaluate, compound, package, and dispense prescriptions in appropriate dosage forms.  
   10. Communicate with patients in order to obtain appropriate patient-specific information on their health condition and medication history in order to ascertain the patients’ compliance, monitor medication use, determine the effectiveness of their current medical regimens, and, when applicable, devise a new medical regimen or suggest modifications to the current regimen.
   11. Communicate with patients in order to counsel them regarding the purposes, proper uses, therapeutic and adverse effects, and self-monitoring of their medications and to promote wellness and health.
   12. Manage medication use systems, through the ability to apply patient- and population-specific data, quality assurance strategies, and research processes, in order to minimize drug misadventuring, optimize patient outcomes, contribute to the development of drug use and health policy, and collaborate on the design of pharmacy benefits.
   13. Manage human, physical, medical, informational, and technological resources, through the ability to assure efficient, cost-effective utilization of these resources in the provision of patient care.
   14. Perform the proper administration of medications via nasal, inhalation, otic, optic, and injectable (subcutaneous and intramuscular) routes.
   15. Develop skills to carry out duties in accordance with legal, ethical, social, economic, and professional guidelines and to interact in an appropriate professional manner with healthcare providers and patients.
   16. Develop the skills necessary to maintain professional competence by identifying and analyzing emerging issues, products, and services and to become self-directed lifelong learners.